{"type":"excalidraw","version":2,"source":"https://AwesomeSystemDesign.dev","elements":[{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#628572","backgroundColor":"#edf5ee","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-1"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-1"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-0","type":"rectangle","seed":41,"x":30,"y":30,"width":638.1961600000001,"height":106.2,"customData":{"revealStep":1}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-1"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-1","type":"text","seed":114,"x":50,"y":48,"width":598.1961600000001,"height":70.2,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Problem: Requests for keys that DON'T EXIST in DB either\n→ Every request is a cache miss + DB miss → wasted resources\n→ Can be weaponized as a DoS attack","originalText":"Problem: Requests for keys that DON'T EXIST in DB either\n→ Every request is a cache miss + DB miss → wasted resources\n→ Can be weaponized as a DoS attack","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-0","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":1}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-2"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-3"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-2","type":"rectangle","seed":187,"x":30,"y":161.2,"width":755.2328799999999,"height":129.60000000000002,"customData":{"revealStep":2}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-2"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-3","type":"text","seed":260,"x":50,"y":179.2,"width":715.2328799999999,"height":93.60000000000001,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Solution 1: Cache Null Results\nDB returns NULL for user:999999 → cache SET user:999999 \"NULL\" EX 60\nNext request → cache HIT → return \"not found\" without hitting DB\n→ Short TTL in case data is added later","originalText":"Solution 1: Cache Null Results\nDB returns NULL for user:999999 → cache SET user:999999 \"NULL\" EX 60\nNext request → cache HIT → return \"not found\" without hitting DB\n→ Short TTL in case data is added later","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-2","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":2}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#9180ac","backgroundColor":"#f4effb","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-3"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-5"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-4","type":"rectangle","seed":333,"x":30,"y":315.8,"width":420,"height":68,"customData":{"revealStep":3}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-3"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-5","type":"text","seed":406,"x":50,"y":338.1,"width":380,"height":23.400000000000002,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Solution 2: Bloom Filter","originalText":"Solution 2: Bloom 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Filter (all valid keys pre-loaded)","originalText":"Bloom Filter (all valid keys pre-loaded)","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-6","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":4}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#628572","backgroundColor":"#edf5ee","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-5"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-9"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-8","type":"rectangle","seed":625,"x":30,"y":501.8,"width":420,"height":106.2,"customData":{"revealStep":5}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-5"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-9","type":"text","seed":698,"x":50,"y":519.8,"width":380,"height":70.2,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Before any cache/DB query:\nif NOT bloom_filter.might_contain(key):\nreturn \"not found\" immediately","originalText":"Before any cache/DB query:\nif NOT bloom_filter.might_contain(key):\nreturn \"not found\" immediately","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-8","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":5}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-6"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-11"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-10","type":"rectangle","seed":771,"x":30,"y":633,"width":424.34752,"height":82.80000000000001,"customData":{"revealStep":6}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-6"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-11","type":"text","seed":844,"x":50,"y":651,"width":384.34752,"height":46.800000000000004,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Space: ~1 GB for 1 billion keys at 1% FP\nSpeed: O(k) lookups, k = hash functions","originalText":"Space: ~1 GB for 1 billion keys at 1% FP\nSpeed: O(k) lookups, k = hash functions","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-10","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":6}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#9180ac","backgroundColor":"#f4effb","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-7"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-13"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-12","type":"rectangle","seed":917,"x":30,"y":740.8,"width":623.67628,"height":82.80000000000001,"customData":{"revealStep":7}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-7"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-13","type":"text","seed":990,"x":50,"y":758.8,"width":583.67628,"height":46.800000000000004,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"False positive rate: 1% → 1% of non-existent keys still hit DB\nFalse negative rate: 0% → never blocks a valid key","originalText":"False positive rate: 1% → 1% of non-existent keys still hit DB\nFalse negative rate: 0% → never blocks a valid key","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-12","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":7}}],"appState":{"viewBackgroundColor":"#fbfbf8","gridSize":null},"files":{}}