{"type":"excalidraw","version":2,"source":"https://AwesomeSystemDesign.dev","elements":[{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#6577aa","backgroundColor":"#eef1fc","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-1"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-1"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-0","type":"rectangle","seed":41,"x":16,"y":16,"width":288,"height":93.2,"customData":{"revealStep":1}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-1"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-1","type":"text","seed":114,"x":36,"y":34,"width":248,"height":57.2,"fontSize":22,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Tenant Isolation in\na Shared Platform","originalText":"Tenant Isolation in\na Shared Platform","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-0","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":1}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#628572","backgroundColor":"#edf5ee","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-2"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-3"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-2","type":"rectangle","seed":187,"x":16,"y":153.2,"width":288,"height":436.40000000000003,"customData":{"revealStep":2}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-2"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-3","type":"text","seed":260,"x":36,"y":171.2,"width":248,"height":400.40000000000003,"fontSize":22,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Ingestion isolation:\n• Per-tenant rate\nlimits (enforced at\ngateway)\n• Per-tenant Kafka\npartitions (noisy\ntenant can't slow\nothers)\n• Per-tenant metrics\nquota (max unique\ntime-series count)\n→ Prevents\n\"cardinality explosion\"\nfrom one tenant","originalText":"Ingestion isolation:\n• Per-tenant rate\nlimits (enforced at\ngateway)\n• Per-tenant Kafka\npartitions (noisy\ntenant can't slow\nothers)\n• Per-tenant metrics\nquota (max unique\ntime-series count)\n→ Prevents\n\"cardinality explosion\"\nfrom one tenant","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-2","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":2}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-3"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-5"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-4","type":"rectangle","seed":333,"x":16,"y":633.6,"width":288,"height":379.2,"customData":{"revealStep":3}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-3"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-5","type":"text","seed":406,"x":36,"y":651.6,"width":248,"height":343.2,"fontSize":22,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Storage isolation:\n• Tenant_id\nembedded in series_id\nhashing\n• Data physically\nco-located per\ntenant (locality for\nqueries)\n• OR: dedicated\nstorage nodes for\nlarge enterprise\ntenants","originalText":"Storage isolation:\n• Tenant_id\nembedded in series_id\nhashing\n• Data physically\nco-located per\ntenant (locality for\nqueries)\n• OR: dedicated\nstorage nodes for\nlarge enterprise\ntenants","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-4","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":3}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#9180ac","backgroundColor":"#f4effb","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-4"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-7"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-6","type":"rectangle","seed":479,"x":16,"y":1056.8,"width":288,"height":379.2,"customData":{"revealStep":4}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-4"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-7","type":"text","seed":552,"x":36,"y":1074.8,"width":248,"height":343.2,"fontSize":22,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Query isolation:\n• Per-tenant query\nconcurrency limits\n• Per-tenant query\ntimeout (prevent one\ntenant from hogging\nquery nodes with\nexpensive\ndashboards)\n• Resource quotas:\nmax series scanned\nper query","originalText":"Query isolation:\n• Per-tenant query\nconcurrency limits\n• Per-tenant query\ntimeout (prevent one\ntenant from hogging\nquery nodes with\nexpensive\ndashboards)\n• Resource quotas:\nmax series scanned\nper query","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-6","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":4}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#6577aa","backgroundColor":"#eef1fc","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-5"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-9"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-8","type":"rectangle","seed":625,"x":16,"y":1480,"width":288,"height":465,"customData":{"revealStep":5}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-5"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-9","type":"text","seed":698,"x":36,"y":1498,"width":248,"height":429,"fontSize":22,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Billing metering:\n• Count: ingested\ndata points per hour\nper tenant\n• Count: unique\nactive time-series\nper tenant\n• Count: custom\nmetrics vs\ninfrastructure\nmetrics\n• These counters\nthemselves are\nstored as time-series\n(!)","originalText":"Billing metering:\n• Count: ingested\ndata points per hour\nper tenant\n• Count: unique\nactive time-series\nper tenant\n• Count: custom\nmetrics vs\ninfrastructure\nmetrics\n• These counters\nthemselves are\nstored as time-series\n(!)","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-8","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":5}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#628572","backgroundColor":"#edf5ee","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-6"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-11"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-10","type":"rectangle","seed":771,"x":16,"y":1989,"width":288,"height":608,"customData":{"revealStep":6}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-6"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-11","type":"text","seed":844,"x":36,"y":2007,"width":248,"height":572,"fontSize":22,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Cardinality explosion\nprotection:\nProblem: Tenant tags\na metric with\nuser_id (10M unique\nvalues)\n→ 10M unique\ntime-series from ONE\nmetric\n→ Blows up storage\nand query costs\nSolution:\nMonitor unique series\ncount per metric per\ntenant\nAlert at 10K unique\nseries → warn tenant\nHard limit at 100K →\nreject new series\nwith 429","originalText":"Cardinality explosion\nprotection:\nProblem: Tenant tags\na metric with\nuser_id (10M unique\nvalues)\n→ 10M unique\ntime-series from ONE\nmetric\n→ Blows up storage\nand query costs\nSolution:\nMonitor unique series\ncount per metric per\ntenant\nAlert at 10K unique\nseries → warn tenant\nHard limit at 100K →\nreject new series\nwith 429","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-10","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":6}}],"appState":{"viewBackgroundColor":"#fbfbf8","gridSize":null},"files":{}}