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trillion objects × 500 bytes metadata = 50 PB\nEvery PUT, GET, DELETE, LIST touches\nmetadata\n→ 5.75M metadata ops/sec (sum of all API traffic)\n→ Must be strongly consistent (read-after-write)","originalText":"100 trillion objects × 500 bytes metadata = 50 PB\nEvery PUT, GET, DELETE, LIST touches\nmetadata\n→ 5.75M metadata ops/sec (sum of all API traffic)\n→ Must be strongly consistent 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C: Sharded MySQL/PostgreSQL\nWell-understood, battle-tested\nStrong consistency within shard\nCross-shard queries (LIST across shards) are complex\nShard key = bucket_name → hot buckets = hot shards","originalText":"Option C: Sharded MySQL/PostgreSQL\nWell-understood, battle-tested\nStrong consistency within shard\nCross-shard queries (LIST across shards) are complex\nShard key = bucket_name → hot buckets = hot 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