{"type":"excalidraw","version":2,"source":"https://AwesomeSystemDesign.dev","elements":[{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#6577aa","backgroundColor":"#eef1fc","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-1"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-1"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-0","type":"rectangle","seed":41,"x":36,"y":32,"width":192,"height":129.60000000000002,"customData":{"revealStep":1}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-1"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-1","type":"text","seed":114,"x":56,"y":50.00000000000001,"width":152,"height":93.60000000000001,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Trie\na...\nb...\nc...","originalText":"Trie\na...\nb...\nc...","textAlign":"center","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-0","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":1}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#628572","backgroundColor":"#edf5ee","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-2"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-3"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-2","type":"rectangle","seed":187,"x":268,"y":32,"width":192,"height":129.60000000000002,"customData":{"revealStep":2}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-2"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-3","type":"text","seed":260,"x":288,"y":50.00000000000001,"width":152,"height":93.60000000000001,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Trie\nd...\ne...\nf...","originalText":"Trie\nd...\ne...\nf...","textAlign":"center","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-2","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":2}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-3"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-5"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-4","type":"rectangle","seed":333,"x":36,"y":201.59999999999997,"width":192,"height":129.60000000000002,"customData":{"revealStep":3}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-3"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-5","type":"text","seed":406,"x":56,"y":219.59999999999997,"width":152,"height":93.60000000000001,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Trie\ng...\n\nm...","originalText":"Trie\ng...\n\nm...","textAlign":"center","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-4","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":3}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#9180ac","backgroundColor":"#f4effb","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-4"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-7"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-6","type":"rectangle","seed":479,"x":268,"y":201.59999999999997,"width":192,"height":129.60000000000002,"customData":{"revealStep":4}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-4"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-7","type":"text","seed":552,"x":288,"y":219.59999999999997,"width":152,"height":93.60000000000001,"fontSize":18,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Trie\nw...\n\nz...","originalText":"Trie\nw...\n\nz...","textAlign":"center","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-6","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":4}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-5"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-9"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-8","type":"rectangle","seed":625,"x":36,"y":371.2,"width":420,"height":68,"customData":{"revealStep":5}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-5"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-9","type":"text","seed":698,"x":56,"y":394.15,"width":380,"height":22.1,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Option A: Shard by Prefix (Range-Based)","originalText":"Option A: Shard by Prefix (Range-Based)","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-8","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":5}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-6"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-11"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-10","type":"rectangle","seed":771,"x":36,"y":463.2,"width":421.64557999999994,"height":68,"customData":{"revealStep":6}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-6"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-11","type":"text","seed":844,"x":56,"y":486.15,"width":381.64557999999994,"height":22.1,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Shard 0: prefixes a-c Shard 1: prefixes d-f","originalText":"Shard 0: prefixes a-c Shard 1: prefixes d-f","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-10","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":6}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-7"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-13"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-12","type":"rectangle","seed":917,"x":36,"y":555.2,"width":454.26178,"height":68,"customData":{"revealStep":7}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-7"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-13","type":"text","seed":990,"x":56,"y":578.1500000000001,"width":414.26178,"height":22.1,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Shard 2: prefixes g-m ... Shard N: prefixes w-z","originalText":"Shard 2: prefixes g-m ... Shard N: prefixes w-z","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-12","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":7}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-8"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-15"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-14","type":"rectangle","seed":1063,"x":36,"y":647.2,"width":420,"height":102.3,"customData":{"revealStep":8}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-8"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-15","type":"text","seed":1136,"x":56,"y":665.2,"width":380,"height":66.3,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Routing: first character of prefix → shard\nQuery \"apple\" → Shard 0 (prefix 'a')\nQuery \"hello\" → Shard 2 (prefix 'h')","originalText":"Routing: first character of prefix → shard\nQuery \"apple\" → Shard 0 (prefix 'a')\nQuery \"hello\" → Shard 2 (prefix 'h')","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-14","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":8}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-9"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-17"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-16","type":"rectangle","seed":1209,"x":36,"y":773.5,"width":534.12642,"height":80.2,"customData":{"revealStep":9}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-9"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-17","type":"text","seed":1282,"x":56,"y":791.5,"width":494.12642000000005,"height":44.2,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Problem: Highly skewed! Prefixes starting with 's', 'c', 'h'\nhave far more queries than 'x', 'z', 'q'.","originalText":"Problem: Highly skewed! Prefixes starting with 's', 'c', 'h'\nhave far more queries than 'x', 'z', 'q'.","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-16","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":9}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-10"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-19"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-18","type":"rectangle","seed":1355,"x":36,"y":877.7,"width":441.88204,"height":68,"customData":{"revealStep":10}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-10"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-19","type":"text","seed":1428,"x":56,"y":900.6500000000001,"width":401.88204,"height":22.1,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Option B: Shard by Hash (Consistent Hashing)","originalText":"Option B: Shard by Hash (Consistent Hashing)","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-18","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":10}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-11"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-21"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-20","type":"rectangle","seed":1501,"x":36,"y":969.7,"width":420,"height":102.3,"customData":{"revealStep":11}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-11"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-21","type":"text","seed":1574,"x":56,"y":987.7,"width":380,"height":66.3,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"hash(\"apple\") → Shard 3\nhash(\"app\") → Shard 7\nhash(\"amazon\") → Shard 1","originalText":"hash(\"apple\") → Shard 3\nhash(\"app\") → Shard 7\nhash(\"amazon\") → Shard 1","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-20","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":11}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-12"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-23"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-22","type":"rectangle","seed":1647,"x":36,"y":1096,"width":510.43012000000004,"height":146.5,"customData":{"revealStep":12}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-12"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-23","type":"text","seed":1720,"x":56,"y":1114,"width":470.43012000000004,"height":110.5,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"Each shard holds a random subset of prefixes\nBalanced load ✓\nBut: \"app\" and \"apple\" on DIFFERENT shards\n→ can't share trie structure across related prefixes\n→ must store complete trie subtrees per shard","originalText":"Each shard holds a random subset of prefixes\nBalanced load ✓\nBut: \"app\" and \"apple\" on DIFFERENT shards\n→ can't share trie structure across related prefixes\n→ must store complete trie subtrees per shard","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-22","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":12}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-13"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-25"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-24","type":"rectangle","seed":1793,"x":36,"y":1266.5,"width":578.14928,"height":68,"customData":{"revealStep":13}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-13"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-25","type":"text","seed":1866,"x":56,"y":1289.45,"width":538.14928,"height":22.1,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"CHOSEN: Option A (prefix-based) with dynamic range splitting","originalText":"CHOSEN: Option A (prefix-based) with dynamic range splitting","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-24","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":13}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#a68a53","backgroundColor":"#fff7e6","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-14"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":[{"type":"text","id":"shape-27"}],"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-26","type":"rectangle","seed":1939,"x":36,"y":1358.5,"width":420,"height":102.3,"customData":{"revealStep":14}},{"angle":0,"strokeColor":"#394557","backgroundColor":"transparent","fillStyle":"solid","strokeWidth":1.5,"strokeStyle":"solid","roughness":0.7,"opacity":100,"version":1,"versionNonce":1,"isDeleted":false,"groupIds":["step-14"],"frameId":null,"roundness":null,"boundElements":null,"updated":0,"link":null,"locked":false,"id":"shape-27","type":"text","seed":2012,"x":56,"y":1376.5,"width":380,"height":66.3,"fontSize":17,"fontFamily":1,"text":"If shard 's' is hot → split into s-sk, sl-sz\nAdaptive rebalancing based on load\nTrade skew handling for trie locality","originalText":"If shard 's' is hot → split into s-sk, sl-sz\nAdaptive rebalancing based on load\nTrade skew handling for trie locality","textAlign":"left","verticalAlign":"middle","containerId":"shape-26","lineHeight":1.3,"autoResize":false,"customData":{"revealStep":14}}],"appState":{"viewBackgroundColor":"#fbfbf8","gridSize":null},"files":{}}